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Can Ultrasound Wake Up People Trapped in Long-Term Coma-Like States?

A simplified summary of the research

2021Brain StimulationMarch–April 2021Loading citations…

Ultrasonic Thalamic Stimulation in Chronic Disorders of Consciousness

Cain, J. A., Spivak, N. M., Coetzee, J. P., Crone, J. S., Johnson, M. A., Lutkenhoff, E. S., Real, C., Buitrago-Blanco, M., Vespa, P. M., Schnakers, C., Monti, M. M.

  • Disorders of Consciousness
  • Clinical Trial
  • Focused Ultrasound
doi:10.1016/j.brs.2021.01.008
In plain English

What's the Point?

Background

People in chronic disorders of consciousness can persist for years with minimal responsiveness. Deep brain stimulation of the thalamus has helped in rare surgical cases, but a non-invasive option had never been tested.

Methods

The world's first clinical trial of MR-guided focused ultrasound aimed at the thalamus in chronic post-coma patients. Behavior was tracked with the CRS-R before and after each sonication.

Findings

The procedure was feasible and safe. A subset of participants showed meaningful recovery of communication and improved CRS-R scores after non-invasive thalamic ultrasound.

Impact

Establishes non-invasive thalamic ultrasound as a candidate therapy for disorders of consciousness and motivates the sham-controlled trials that followed.

Abstract

From the manuscript

We report the first clinical trial applying MR-guided low-intensity focused ultrasound to the thalamus in chronic disorders of consciousness. The procedure was feasible and safe, and a subset of participants showed meaningful recovery of communication and improved Coma Recovery Scale-Revised scores, establishing non-invasive thalamic neuromodulation as a candidate therapy that warrants sham-controlled trials.

Full citation

Cain, J. A., Spivak, N. M., Coetzee, J. P., Crone, J. S., Johnson, M. A., Lutkenhoff, E. S., Real, C., Buitrago-Blanco, M., Vespa, P. M., Schnakers, C., & Monti, M. M. (2021). Ultrasonic thalamic stimulation in chronic disorders of consciousness. Brain Stimulation, 14(2), 301–303.

© 2026 Josh Cain